Hi there,
Yes it is possible, although I use Default UI and Facets for this and I just put an icon next to newly added albums.
(However I'm not sure the second component below works with Columns UI? Try it and see. CUI might have its own global variables with current date info as someone mentioned here that you could use instead. I'm not familiar enough with CUI to know how that works so someone else might help there)
Firstly you need foo_playcount (Playback Statistics) which adds the %added% field (date added to the library). Note, if you do not have this component already, the %added% dates for EVERY track will be the same the first time you install it - see documentation here. Once you add new tracks the field will be correct going forward.
Secondly, I think default foobar does not have a way to access the current date/time (like a $now() function), so for that get foo_dynfil (Dynamic Fields). Install as usual. In foobar File menu > Preferences > Media Library > Dynamic Fields, click the plus button and name the field "new" (without quotes), click OK, then under 'Title formatting expression' put -
$date_diff(%added%)
Then click OK and I think you have to restart foobar at this point.
Finally just add this bit of title formatting to your Album List (File > Preferences > Media Library > Album List > Views) or (Facets > Columns), I personally put it after the %album% field -
%album%$ifgreater(%_new%,30,, $char(57803))
The number '30' is how many days you want it to be considered "new". The '$char(57803)' part is the icon / font symbol I use from Segoe UI Symbol font (looks like a little tag, like on new clothes ), you can replace that with just "NEW" if you want although using an icon is more eye catching. If you want a different icon or use a different font, you could pick one from this handy page, click one to copy and paste. Lastly, note that if you swap %album% for %artist% the view will split the artist into two entries (old tracks and new tracks), this is why I use %album% instead as it can only be one or the other, but your choice.
Side note: I use a similar code to tag icons on to Podcasts, Music Videos, Internet Radio streams, etc -
%<genre>%$if($strstr(%genre%,Podcast), $char(57814),)
Cheers